Bariatric Surgery: From A to Z

In case you're obese sharply, it may be the diet and medications have little effect on your weight. The best chance you have to lose weight in the long term, improving health is through obesity surgery, called Medicine obesity surgery (bariatric surgery). 

The results can be dramatic: within the first two years after surgery, usually a maximum weight loss of 20% to 35% in all parts of the initial body weight, depending on the technique. 
Weight loss tends to decrease with the passage of time, but is often kept within the range that leads to significant health improvements. 
Type 2 diabetes disappear, high blood pressure, high cholesterol and uninterrupted breathing during sleep, just in approximately 60% to 80% of people who have had bariatric surgery, according to the data shown by some studies. 
These health benefits translate to about 30% less than the likelihood of early death. There are a host of other health problems, which also improved by the surgery, including arthritis, asthma, gastroesophageal reflux rebound, infertility, impotence and incontinence.

Various obesity surgery: how does it work?

Obesity surgery, the most common are infectious approved (Gastric bypass) and surround the stomach (gastric banding). The third procedure, a sleeve gastrectomy (sleeve gastrectomy), shows an alternative technique, it combines the best features of infectious approved and encircle the stomach. In case you are a suitable candidate for the surgical treatment of obesity (see list 6), you should discuss with your surgeon various risks as well as the potential of each technology advantages and report any of the obesity surgery, if there is one such, are best for you.

Bypass surgery infectious

Shrinking bypass surgery infectious (see Figure 6) the size of your stomach by more than 90%, which makes you feel full after eating very small amount of food. Thus, your body will absorb fewer calories because the food is more than most of the stomach and the upper part of the small intestine. As your appetite will shrink, perhaps to restore internal order in which they affect the secretion of hormones such as ghrelin (ghrelin), a hormone that makes you feel hungry, however, the jeeps, which remains the size of the egg may extend over time. This could be the procedure is done through a large incision (open surgery) or through small incisions with the smaller equipment (laparoscopically).


It was developed infectious bypass surgery at the end of the sixties after noticing that patients surgeons who performed similar surgery for a stomach ulcer lost the weight. Convert the upper part of the stomach into a small pouch the size of an egg. The small intestine cut and associated one of the parties cash in his pocket stomach, and are re-connect the other end to the small intestine, creating Y. shape and this allows food to bypass most of the stomach and the upper part of the small, though, so the intestine continues the production of gastric juices, enzymes, and other secretions necessary for the process digestion. This is in the intestine and mix with the food within the template Y.

Advantages: patients lose weight quickly, within a period of up to two years after surgery. Many people keep losing 60% to 70% of excess weight for 10 years or more. Infectious approved Bariatric surgery is the most effective in the treatment or improvement of obesity-related health problems Banding procedures, particularly for people who suffer from diabetes. Where it recovers about 80% of patients with type 2 diabetes who have undergone this process.

Disadvantages: is an infectious bypass surgery (either through open surgery or laparoscopically) harder than encircle the stomach and sometimes involve a greater rate of complications. It is also associated with higher risk of vitamin and mineral deficiencies, which may require supplements for life.

This procedure is often called "Lap Band - Lap-Band - gastric banding", the proportion of the name of the commercial system used in surgery, which is done through the telescope. It restricts the amount of food that can be eaten by putting adjustable aperture ring around the stomach (see Figure 7). Compared with bypass surgery Infectious this process easier and carry less risk of immediate complications recite the process. But the amount of weight you lose depends on the ability to follow a nutritious diet after that. If I used to be engaged in the diet of high-calorie kind of soft or liquid, such as ice cream or sugary drinks, for example, the episode does not help you feel full and Tjnepk overeating.


Silicon ring about the size of two inches restricts the size of the stomach to a small room at the top, with a hole in the bottom toward the rest of the stomach and digestive system. The ring size can be adjusted by injecting or withdrawing saline water through a port implanted just under the skin.

Advantages: encircle the stomach surgery is usually directed by telescope with a camera is inserted through small incisions performed. Compared to the most complex procedures, infectious Kalmjazh, the encirclement of the stomach holds some advantages. It requires less time in the operating room and a shorter hospital stay. There are fewer complications after surgery. The ring can be removed if necessary.

Disadvantages: vomiting may occur if you have been eating too quickly or if the hole in the lower abdomen too tight. You can also ring the silicon to slip or slide, which requires another surgery. Bypass surgery compared Infectious there is generally less weight loss, weight loss is slower. There is less information about the practical effects in the long term.

Sleeve gastrectomy

Sleeve gastrectomy transforms the stomach into a narrow tube through the removal of the curved side of the device (see Figure 8) instead of the bottom, as in the case of infectious licensed. This strategy has several benefits. First, the stomach little prospect shrink to expand again. Second, the stomach in the form of a tube less than producing cells of the hormone ghrelin, which helps you feel satisfied with less food and a number. Finally, the process is less dangerous than the approved because it does not restore the order of the intestine, and may be safer than endoscopes because it does not require the insertion of foreign objects into the body.

However, the total weight loss with the quantum is not dramatic compared to other obesity surgeries, sanctioned infectious or encircle the stomach.


Sleeve gastrectomy was originally used as a first step in surgery for people suffering from severe obesity (with BMIs of 55 or higher). As a second step to re-arrange the intestine minute to separate the passage of food from the flow of bile and pancreatic juices. This led to severe ill-absorption, and this is the reason why this component of the two-stage procedure is rare today.

Advantages: This surgery is technically easier than surgery infectious reward because it does not require the surgeon to reattach the parts of the intestine to new locations in the gastrointestinal tract. Vertical pouch created by the quantum action is less likely to be extended compared to the bag, which kept bypass surgery infectious. Studies indicate that the sleeve gastrectomy may cause you to lose more weight and better control the hunger of gastric banding.

Disadvantages: may not decrease the weight within this surgery compared to hold sanctioned infectious surgery, but accurate comparisons are not yet available, in the absence of data on the long-term about the sleeve gastrectomy surgery. Such as infectious bypass surgery, it is irreversible. Also, because it is still considered an experimental procedure, and will not cover all the insurance providers price.


It recommends the National Institute of Health instructions (NIH) to conduct obesity surgeries only for people who are very enthusiastic and have BMI body mass index of 40 or more and those who did not register a success or that their success was temporarily in other ways to lose weight (looking at the list of six). This treatment may also be appropriate for people with moderate obesity (with BMIs between 35 and 40) if they have associated with obesity, such as type 2 diabetes, heart disease, or stop breathing during sleep health problems. In 2011, ratified by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) on the use of "Lap Band" system in people with milder obesity (BMIs starting 30) and those who suffer from obesity-related health problem. The reduction in this requirement on weight by less than 35 body mass index, meaning that millions of people will be eligible for gastric banding. However, the medical care and other health insurance providers has changed the guidelines for the coverage of this procedure in the future.

The study, which supports expanding the use of gastric banding adopted, based on data from 151 people with BMIs between 30 and 40 and most of them women, with an average 63 pounds (the equivalent of 28.6 kilos) overweight. About two-thirds of the participants lost at least half their weight within a year. Previous periodic study of Internal Medicine conducted a comparison between gastric banding and non-surgical treatments (which entails a low-calorie diet, and drugs for weight loss, and changes behavior to improve diet and exercise habits) with 80 people suffering from obesity and light. After two years, the members of the group nearly 22% of their body weight, compared with 5.5% in the non-surgical group. He pointed out those who have undergone surgery they enjoy better quality of life.